MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF PUPPIES DUE TO PARVOVIRAL ENTERITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/onehealthjournal2023-III-04Keywords:
pathomorphology, histological studies, pathological autopsy, organ system, diseases of dogs, epitheliocytes, crypts of the small intestine, edema of the stromaAbstract
A common disease of dogs in Ukraine is parvovirus enteritis, which occurs extremely often (51.6%) among enteritis of viral etiology and causes significant economic and moral damage to animal owners. Improving the diagnosis of parvovirus enteritis in dogs is one of the urgent tasks of infectious pathology. More than thirty years have passed since the appearance of this disease and the beginning of its study, but the morbidity and mortality from parvovirus enteritis in carnivores remains stable. Currently, parvovirus enteritis is considered one of the most common infectious diseases in dogs. Parvovirus enteritis is a highly contagious disease of dogs, especially puppies, characterized by vomiting with bile and diarrhea, hemorrhagic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, dehydration, myocardial damage, and rapid death. This publication is devoted to the results of pathomorphological changes in the small intestine of puppies with parvovirus enteritis. During the histological examination of histopreparations in the case of an intestinal form, necrosis of the epithelium of the crypts (dystrophic changes) and lymphoid tissue in Peyer's patches of a thin cat is established, with fragmentary single destruction of villi. Edema of the stroma was noted, which was manifested by the degree of edema of the stroma of the villi, which was less pronounced compared to the edema of the mucous membrane stroma in the area of the crypts. Along with the above-described pathohistological changes, epitheliocytes in the area of severe edema completely lost their connection with the basement membrane. Membrane lysis was detected, and signs of hydropic and granular dystrophy were noted in the cytoplasm of epitheliocytes. The mucosa of the small intestine was mostly infiltrated by lymphocytes and to a lesser extent by monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Pathological and histological diagnosis of infectious diseases is an objective and accessible research method that allows determining the primary diagnosis at the first stage. At the same time, the results of the study significantly add to the knowledge about pathomorphological changes in canine parvovirus enteritis.
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